RNA 与蛋白质的相互作用.pdf

20 2 Vol. 20, No. 2 2008 4 Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences Apr., 2008 1004-0374(2008)02-0178-05 RNA ( 200031) RNA siRNA (small interfering RNA)miRNA (microRNA) piRNA (piwi interacting RNA)hsRNA (heterochromatin associated small RNA) R NA RNA RNA (RNAi) RNA RNase III Argonaute RNA RNA RNA RNA RNA RNA Drosha Dicer Argonaute Piwi RNA Q522;Q51 A Small RNAs and proteins in RNA silencing pathways LIU Mo-fang*, WANG En-duo (State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China) Abstract: Small regulatory RNAs, including siRNA (short interfering RNA), miRNA (microRNA), piRNA (piwi interacting RNA), and hsRNA (heterochromatin associated small RNA), have been the hot frontier of life sciences in the past few years, and it is becoming more and more apparent that these small molecules have key regulatory functions. Small RNAs trigger various forms of sequence specific gene silencing, commonly referred to as RNA silencing, such as RNA interference (RNAi), translational repression, and heterochromatin formation in all higher eukaryotes and play important roles in cellular processes as diverse as development, stress response, or transposon silencing. Soon after the discovery of small regulatory RNAs, members of the RNase III family and Argonaute protein family, some RNA binding proteins, and etc., were identified as their major cellular protein interactors and involved in the biogenesis and various cellular functions of small RNAs. This review summaries t