3利用随钻方位伽马资料判断地层界面.doc

基于随钻电磁波电阻率和伽马 （） 、，降低打穿油层的风险，提高储层钻遇率。ecognizing Method of Formation Interface Based on Electromagnetic Wave Resistivity and Azimuthal Gamma Ray Logging Tools While Drilling TANG Hai-quan, XIAO Hong-bing, YANG Zhen （Drilling Technology Research Institute, SINOPEC Shengli Petroleum Engineering Co. Ltd., Dongying, Shandong, 257017, China） Abstract: LWD data especially with the azimuthal logging data, plays an important role in geosteering. It can predict the formation interface, stratigraphic position features and anisotropic formations direction. This paper briefly describes the basic structures and working principle of several instruments, such as electromagnetic wave resistivity tool, azimuthal resistivity tool and azimuthal gamma ray tool. Then, analyses the boundary detection and response principles of the measurement tools penetrating through formation boundaries and further proposes the methods for achieving the formation of interface recognition based on response characteristics. Finally, describes the application effects of the resistivity and imaging gamma ray tools in the formation interface identification. Field application shows that with boundary detection capability geosteering technology and equipment, can optimize location of the well trajectory in reservoirs, reduce the risk penetrated reservoir and improve reservoir drilling rate. Key words: LWD; resistivity log; azimuthal gamma ray; reservoir; interface recognition; geosteering 0 引言 中国石油工业经过几十年的发展，很多油田开始进入开发中后期，整装油藏开发逐渐减少，薄互层、断块、低渗等复杂油气藏成为油田勘探开发的主战场。复杂油气藏具有含油面积小、构造变化快、流体性质和储层特性关系复杂等特点，对以综合录井和常规LWD仪器进行定位和预测地层界面的地质导向钻井技术提出了严峻挑战。国外最新研发的随钻测量仪器，例如斯伦贝谢GeoSphere[1]、贝克休斯Startrak[2]等，已具备地层前视探测和超深边界探测功能，实现地质导向技术革命性的进步，成为高效油气藏开发及先进钻井技术应用的关键。国内随钻电磁波电阻率测量仪器已经在地质导向钻井施工中普遍应用，但具有定向测量和电阻率各向异性测量能力的随钻方位电阻率、伽马成像测井仪器目前还处于研制试验阶段，未形成商业化应用产品。 胜利钻井院在前期感应电阻率和自然伽马组成的双参数地质导向系统研制成功的基础上，研发了以多频多深度随钻电磁波电阻率和方位伽马为核心的地质导向系统[3,4]。同时，有效突破了常规地质导向不具备方位性、探测深度浅等技术瓶颈，研发了随钻方位深电阻率测量系统样机，为进一步开发低品质油气藏、难动用油气藏提供了强有力的技术支撑。本文首先介绍了随钻补偿电磁波电阻率、方位深探测电