语法专题突破﹝一﹞主谓一致.ppt

* * “主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、性、数上保持一致，即主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，如are, were, have等，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，如：is, was, has, works等。 一般语法书在具体处理一致关系时皆要求遵循以下三原则: 语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 一、谓语动词为单数的情况 A. Twenty years____ (is/are) only a short time in human history. B. Collecting stamps__(are/is)what he likes. C. Whatever was left___(were/was)taken away. D. A pair of shoes __(is/are) left on the table. The kind of paper__ is/are made of straw. 1.表示时间、距离、金钱、长度、重量等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。 2.主语从句(除what引导的)、动词不定式、动名词作主语时。 a kind of, a pair of, the number of等作主语时. 一、谓语动词为单数的情况 The United states are/is made up of 50 states. The Times is/are a newspaper for the British government. G. Many a student has/have seen the film. H. More than one student have/has seen the film. I. Each doctor and (each) nurse were\was given a new shirt. 4. 以-S 结尾的单数名词，形复而意单，如表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语时(news, physics, maths，politics)以及works(工厂)等。 5. many a /more than one / each / every / either / neither做主语时 The steel works is\are near the station. 二、谓语动词为复数的情况 A. The police are/is looking for the missing child. B. The rich are/is not always happy. C. The Whites is/are going to make a trip to London. 1. people , police, cattle 等形单而意复名词作主语。 3. the+adj. 表示一类人；the+姓的复数形式表一家人做主语时。 2.一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词，如goods， stairs，arms等作主语。 The goods are/is made in China.这些货物都是中国制造的。 4.由山脉、群岛、瀑布等以s结尾的专有名词作主语。 The Himalayas are/is the roof of the world. 喜马拉雅山脉是世界屋脊。 5.a number of/quantities of/a group of＋名词作主语。 A number of other plants were/was found in America. 在美国发现了大量的其他植物。 large quantities of wate have /has been polluted The worker and writer are/is from Wuhan. (比较：The worker and the writer is/are from Beijing. ) Bread and butter is/are a daily food in the West. Every desk and every chair are/is made of wood. Many a boy and girl has/have made the same mistake. 三、And连接的并列成分谓语为单数情况 由and 连接的并列成分指的是同一概念或成对的名词，如brea