中考形容词副词考点.doc

形容词/ 副词 Ⅰ.形容词 / 副词 1.只能作表语的形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep 睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的。如： The man is ill.(正) The ill man is my uncle.(误) 2.貌似副词的形容词：lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely可爱的。如： Its very kind of you to help me.你帮助我，真好。 Its not easy to learn a foreign language.学好一门外语不容易。 3.易混词比较 too much/ too many/ much too little/ a little/ few/ a few interested/ interesting alive/lively/live/living also，too，either 三者都表示“也”。also通常放在句中，位于系动词、情态动词或助动词后面，实义动词前面；too通常用在肯定句中，放在句末；either用在否定句中，放在句末。 ago与before ago表示以现在为起点的一段时间以前，不能单独使用，必须和一些表示时间概念的短语搭配，常和过去时连用。before表示在过去或将来某个时间以前，也可以指“以前”，可单独使用，常与过去完成时、过去时、现在完成时连用。 sometime，sometimes，some time与some times sometime某一时间，某一时刻(可指将来，也可指过去) sometimes有时，不时的 some time一段时间 some times几次，几倍 however besides instead exactly probably mostly then therefore Ⅱ.　形容词、副词等级的用法 1．形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成 ①规则变化 一般单音节词末尾加-er，est small 以不发音的e结尾的单音节词末尾加-r，-st nice fine 以辅音字母＋y结尾的双音节单词，先把y变为i，再加-er，-est lonely lonelier loneliest happy happier happiest 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写末尾的字母再加-er，-est hot big thin （big red wet hot fat thin fit） 部分双音节词或多音节词在原级前加more，most interesting tired 下列单、双音节词只能加more和most like(相似的，同样的) more like most like real(真的) more real most real tired(疲乏的) more tired most tired pleased(高兴的) more pleased most pleased often(经常) more often most often ②不规则变化 good/ well---- ill/bad/badly---- many/much---- little---- far---- old---- 3. 同级比较 (as+形容词/副词 +as) My friend is as tall as her mother. not as(so)．..as和……不一样(中间用原级) This room is not so/as big as that one.这个房间不如那个大。 劣级比较 　less＋形容词／副词原级＋than 例： She is less beautiful than Mary. This movie was less funny than that one. —Many boy students think math is______English. —I agree. Im weak in English.(2014，镇江) A．much difficult than B．so difficult as C．less difficult than D．more difficult than ⑦在比较级中为了避免重复，在than后常用one，that，those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。 如：The weather here is warmer than that in Shanghai.这里的天气比上海的暖和。 My grandpa told a