Unit1Unit1LivingwellLearningaboutLanguage课件（人教版选修7）.ppt

Unit 1 Living well 好好生活 Learning about Language;动词不定式 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它是高中阶段的重点语法之一,也是高考中的必考点。在学习中要注意动词不定式的时态和语态,正确运用不定式。;观察句中画线部分并在句后的括号里写出其在句中作何种成 分。 1.She is proud to have taken part in competitions and to have broken a record by running two laps this year.（ ） 2.Her ambition is to become part of the national team for the next Paralympic Games.（ ）;3. To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile.（ ） 4.In the library I noticed Diana talk for a moment with David.（ ） 5.Last year I invented a computer football game and a big company has decided to buy it from me.（ ） 6.The little girl is sometimes heard to sing the same song at home.（ ）;7.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to be heard.（ ） 8.I have something important to tell you.（ ） 结论：动词不定式在句中可作主语宾语、补语、状语、定语等。;一、基本概念 动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。这里的to是不定式标志,无意义,有时可省略。其否定形式为“not+动词不定式”。不定式既有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能,又有动词的时态和语态的特点及作用。;;三、句法功能 1.不定式作主语。 谓语动词用单数形式。若不定式结构比较复杂,往往用it作形式主语,真正的主语放在句子的后面。 ﹡To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness one can get.爱与被爱是一个人能获得的最大幸福。 ﹡It’s terrible to see the ship sinking into the sea. 目睹轮船沉入大海,真是太可怕了。;2.不定式作宾语。 （1）动词不定式作宾语时,往往跟在某些及物动词的后面,常见的有：like, agree, ask, decide, hope, fail, manage, pretend, refuse等。 ﹡Indians like to eat hot food. 印度人喜欢吃辣味食品。;（2）在句型“主语+v.+it+adj./n.+to do sth.”中,it为形式宾语,to do为真正的宾语。能用于这一句型的动词有：think,find,make,believe,consider,suppose,feel等。 ﹡I found it possible to work out the problem without a computer. 我发现有可能不用计算机而解出这道题目。;3.不定式作表语。 放在be,become,sound,taste等系动词后面常表示将来的动作或起解释说明作用,其主语常常是wish,idea,task,purpose,duty,job,ambition等表示意向、打算、计划的词。 ﹡My ambition is to become a lawyer. 我的理想是成为一名律师。 ﹡The old man seems to be ill. 那位老人好像病了。;4.不定式作宾语补足语。 （1）常跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, invite, get, advise,allow, want,permit,warn, hate,encourage,prefer,expect, order, wish等；有些动词常跟“to be+形容词”构成复合结构,如think,consider,imagine