耐热钢15CrMoR的焊接工艺研究..docx

耐热钢15CrMoR的焊接工艺研究 陈海峰 ，吴和斌，郝晓东，屈文奇 陈海峰（1973-），男，山西运城人，本科，主要从事压力容器制造工艺研究；电话E-mail；chenhaifenghj@126.com ，山西 太原 030032） 摘要：针对某公司的高压加氢反应器产品，对厚度为38mm的15CrMoR 进行了焊接工艺评定。焊接方法采用钨极氩弧焊（GTAW）打底+焊条电弧焊（SMAW）填充盖面，焊后进行热处理。对焊接接头的拉伸强度、弯曲、冲击及硬度等性能进行了测试。测试结果表明：焊接接头的拉伸强度可达510MPa以上，侧弯180°后未见裂纹产生。在-20℃的条件下，焊缝的冲击功可达46J以上，热影响区的冲击功可达42J以上。焊缝的平均硬度值为176HBW，热影响区的平均硬度值为190HBW，各项性能均可满足要求。 关键词：15CrMoR；钨极氩弧焊；焊条电弧焊；焊接接头 中图分类号: 文献标识码: A Research on Welding Technology of Heat-resistant Steel 15CrMoR CHEN Haifeng, WU hebin, HAO Xiaodong, QU wenqi (Shanxi Yang mei Chemical Industry Machinery Co., Ltd., Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, China ) Abstract：In view of the high pressure hydrogenation reactor products, this paper conducted the welding procedure qualification of heat resistant steel 15CrMoR with the thickness of 38mm. Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) were employed respectively as backing weld and cosmetic welding, followed by heat treatment. A series of tests were conducted including tensile strength, bending, shock and hardness of the welded joint. Results show that the tensile strength of welded joint reached more than 510MPa, and no crack appeared after the 180°bending. Impact energies of weld and the heat-affected zone were 46J and 42J at -20℃, and the average hardness of them were 176HBW and 190HBW. Thus, all of the properties could meet standard requirements. Key words: 15CrMoR；Gas tungsten arc welding；shielded metal arc welding；welded joint 引言 针对某公司的加氢反应器产品，主体材料为38mm厚的15CrMoR材料进行了焊接工艺评定。15CrMoR钢材属于珠光体耐热钢，这种材料在高温下具有高温持久强度、蠕变强度、高的耐蚀性、抗氢能力[1-2]、抗氧化性和抗脆断能力[3]，但由于钢中含有较高含量的Cr, C和其它合金元素，钢材的淬硬倾向较大，焊接性能较差，特别是对于厚板的焊接，在焊接的过程中容易产生冷裂纹[4]、焊接热影响区硬化及热处理后产生再热裂纹等缺陷[5-8]。因此，合理的制订焊接工艺及焊后热处理工艺，对焊接接头性能至关重要，本文对38mm厚的15CrMoR板材对接的焊接工艺进行了探索，获得了性能优良的焊接接头，为产品的制造提供了理论依据。 2.实验原材料及工艺 根据NB/T47014-2011标准进行焊接工艺评定。实验原材料选用XXX公司的15CrMoR板材，板材的化学成分见表1所示，试样的规格尺寸为500mm×125mm×38mm，坡口采用机械加工成U形坡口，坡口尺寸如图1所示。焊接方法采用GTAW进行打底，根据NB/T47018.3焊丝选用H13CrMoA ， SMAW进行填充盖面，根据NB/T47018.