徐老师英语句子结构剖析.ppt

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习;简单句的五个基本句型 主语 ＋ 不及物动词 She came．. 主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋宾语 She likes English. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋主语补语 She is happy． 主语 ＋ 动词 ＋间接宾语 ＋直接宾语 She gave John a book． She bought a book for me. 主语 ＋ 动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语 She makes her mother angry． The teacher asked me to read the passage. （ There +be There lies a book on the desk. ;1. 主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east （名词）???? He likes dancing. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)?? Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe.（不定式） What he needs is a book.（主语从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）;(一）指出下列句中主语的中心词 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult.;谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。 We study English.???????? He is asleep. (二). 选出句中谓语的中心词 ① I dont like the picture on the wall.? A. dont B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus?? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon;3. 表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 He is a teacher.? （名词）????? You don’t look it. （代词） Five and five is ten. （数词）??? He is asleep.? （形容词） His father is in. （副词）??????? The picture is on the wall.?? (介词短语) My watch is gone / missing / lost.? （形容词化的分词） The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）;（常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝、吃起来）, remain（保持，仍是）, feel（感觉）…… It sounds a good idea.????????????? The sound sounds strange. Her voice sounds sweet.?????