美国钢铁行业贸易保护及我国的对策 毕业论文.doc

Abstract With the fast development of trade between China and United States，the trade friction is warming up continuously, the United States has adopted series of trade policies towards China, which have seriously influenced the trade between the two countries and have generated a lot of negative affections．Since November , 2008，With the fact that the international financial crisis ceaselessness is deepened, the trade protectionism raises head once again. Peoples concern buying the USA goods clause, being to have aggravated more brought forward by American president Aobama. Lately, USA carries out trade protection on our country iron and steel industry many times, collect high dumping duty, on April 24, 2008, US Department of Commerce announces the product initiates a pair to two kinds iron and steel coming from Chinese opposing investigation, US Department of Commerce announces the seamless steel tube collects anti-dumping and opposes allowance investigation to China on October 30, 2009. The USA trade protection on iron and steel industry already causes grave effects on our country iron and steel enterprise exports to, we must protect the iron and steel of our country job coming take effective measures. Key Word: The protect trade, Iron and steel industry, Industrial Upgrading, Anti-dumping, Oppose allowance 引言 随着中国经济的高速增长，中国已经成为当今世界中的经济强国。钢铁业在我国国民经济的发展中具有极为重要的战略地位。入世后随着市场的开放，我国钢铁业面临日益激烈的国际竞争。特别是2008年金融危机后，美国对华钢铁行业贸易保护越来越频繁，美国不断对其国内钢铁业进行贸易保护，对中国钢铁业征收高税率的反倾销税与反补贴税。我国作为WTO的新成员，如何积极主动地应对美国钢铁贸易保护，有效维护国内钢铁业的合法利益是我国面临的重要课题。 1．中国钢铁行业现状分析 1.1 中国钢铁行业概况 改革开放以来，我国的钢铁工业取得了巨大的成就。建国初期，中国的钢铁产量只有15．8万吨，约居世界第26位。随后，我国经济的快速增长给钢铁业带来了旺盛的需求和生产力水平的提高，使钢铁行业取得了令人瞩目的发展。1996年我国钢铁产量首次突破1亿吨大关，跃居世界第一位。此后，我国钢铁产量连年快速增长，分别于2003年和2005年登上了2亿吨和3亿吨的台阶，使我国当之无愧成为世界上最大的钢铁生产国。随着我国钢铁工业从量上和质上的提升，我国的钢铁产品逐渐增强了国际竞争力，产品出口不断上升，2006年我国钢铁产品对外贸易实现了历史性突破，由钢铁进口大国转为出口大国。但自2008年以来，由于受国际金融危机的影响，国内国际市场对钢材需求减少，我国多数钢材各品种的出口量也出现下降。 表1: 2003-2009年我国钢铁产量及增长情况 粗钢 钢材 累计产量 同比增长 累计产量 同比增长 2003-12 22011.50 21．