第十三讲1巧解时态语态题(下)讲述.ppt

知识拓展 谓语为believe, know, hope, say等时，被动语态有两种形式： 1、动词不定式作主语补足语。 2、it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语从句来表示。 People believe he is smart. → It is believed that he is smart.He is believed to be smart.???? ???? 高考链接 Leonardo da Vinci______ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. A. is said to be buying B. is said to have bought C. had said to buy D. has said to have bought 解析： be said to do(据说)，动作buy先于say发生，要用不定式的完成式。 被动语态的基本用法 被动语态的构成方式 被动语态各时态的形式是由助动词be的各时态的形式加及物动词的过去分词构成。 典型例题 Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to _____before the party. A. get changed????? B. get change????? C. get changing??D. get to change 解析：“get +过去分词“也是被动结构， 这里表示“更换衣服”。 主动变被动的注意要点 ???? 1、主动变被动时双宾语的变化。通 常将间接宾语（人）改为被动语态句中的主语；如将直接宾语（物）改为被动语态句中的主语，一般在间接宾语前加介词to或for。 He bought me a book.→ I was bought a book. A book was bought for me. 典型例题 Father will give me a dictionary on my birthday. → A dictionary ___ me by Father on my birthday. A. will be given to B. will give C. will give to D. will be giving to 解析：直接宾语为被动语态句中的 主语时，要加介词to。 主动变被动的注意要点 ???? 2、情态动词和be going to, be to, be sure to, used to, had better等结构变被动语态，只需将它们后面的动词原形变为be + 过去分词。 （预习5）She had better leave a note to him. → A note had ____ to him. A. better left B. be better left C. better be left D. better been left 主动变被动的注意要点 ???? 3、带有宾语补足语的句子改为被动语态时，需将宾语改为主语，宾补保留在原处，成为被动语态句中的主语补足语。 ①在使役性动词和感官动词之后，不定式的to在主动语态里省略，而在被动语态里不能省。 We saw Tom enter the lab . Tom was seen to enter the lab. 典型例题 The speaker was made ___ a little louder so as to make herself ____. A. to speak; heard B. to speak; hear C. speak; hear D. speak; heard 解析：make sb do sth → sb be made to do sth; herself与hear是被动关系。 宾语补足语改为被动语态 ???? ②宾补为分词、形容词、副词、名词或介词短语，改为被动后不变。 She was heard singing there. I was kept busy all