vitamind.ppt

Does vitamin D make the world go ‘round? Cynthia Childs, MFA, MPH, CLC Some slides borrowed (with permission) from Cindy Howard, MD, MPH and Carole Baggerly, Grassroots Health Title borrowed (with permission) from Carol Wagner, MD, Medical University of South Carolina Objectives Develop an understanding of vitamin D what it is, how we get it, and why we need it Review current research on vitamin D Highlight research on vitamin D during the perinatal period Briefly describe the study, Establishing the Vitamin D Requirements during Lactation What is vitamin D? Vitamin D is not technically a vitamin; it is a pro-hormone It is biologically inert and must undergo two hydroxylations in the body for activation occurs in the liver and converts vitamin D to 25-hydroxyvitamin D ~ 25(OH)D occurs primarily in the kidney and forms the physiologically active 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D ~ 1,25(OH)2D How do we measure vitamin D? The most reliable measure of vitamin D status is serum 25(OH)D level The half-life of 25(OH)D in your system is 2-3 weeks Deficient: 20 ng/mL Insufficient: 20-31 ng/mL Adequate: = 32 ng/mL “Normal”: 54-90 ng/mL Based on levels in people who live and work in sun-rich environments How much Vitamin D do we need? According to the National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements, we need: Vitamin D requirements In 1989, the adult AI of 200 IU was considered “generous” - The adult requirement was originally estimated to be half what infants and children needed At 200 IU per day vitamin D levels remain unchanged or decline, especially in the winter months AAP Recommendations The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all breastfed infants receive 400 IU of vitamin D per day In November 2008, the AAP doubled its recommendation for vitamin D for all children through adolescence to 400 IU per day What are the sources of vitamin D? Sun exposure Supplements Food (very limited) Food Sources of Vitamin D Vitamin D fr