WilliamStallingsComputerOrganizationandArchitecture.ppt

* “九阴真经” “九阳神功” “修炼内功” “七伤拳” “天山折梅手” “打狗棒” . . . “招式” 具备“计算机系统能力/系统思维”是计算机专业学生区别于其他专业学生的本质特征，是大家安身立命之本 注重“内功”（系统）修炼 辅助“招式”（编程工具）学习 练好内功 * 一些寄语 希望大家不要做“在办公室搬砖”的人 不要被“云、物、大、深”忽悠，不要被全民创新、创业左右思想，打好基础，培养“匠人”气质，才是创新的源泉 不懂数据结构、计算机组成、操作系统、体系结构、编译原理的程序员，永远都是“低端” 我国企业急需具有“计算机系统”能力的“高精尖”程序员、系统架构师以提升核心竞争力 从“计算机体系结构”课程开始培养自己的“系统能力” * Internet Resources- Web sites to look for WWW Computer Architecture Home Page CPU Info Center ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Architecture IEEE Technical Committee on Computer Architecture Intel Technology Journal Manufacturer’s sites Intel, IBM, etc. * 微信：计算机系统学习群 * * * * 固件：存储在ROM或其他集成电路中的系统软件，不能随意更改 Contents in Computer Architecture计算机体系结构的学习内容 Register File Memory (DRAM Disk) IF (instr. fetch) ID (instr. decode) EX (execute) MEM (memory) WB (writeback) 1 2 2 ? BranchPredictor 3 4 Invention #3 Branch Prediction Contents in Computer Architecture计算机体系结构的学习内容 Register File Memory (DRAM Disk) IF (instr. fetch) ID (instr. decode) EX (execute) MEM (memory) WB (writeback) BranchPredictor Problem:” Memory Wall” LD MEM[100], R1 Contents in Computer Architecture计算机体系结构的学习内容 Register File Memory (DRAM Disk) IF (instr. fetch) ID (instr. decode) EX (execute) MEM (memory) WB (writeback) BranchPredictor Instr.Cache DataCache Invention #4 Cache Contents in Computer Architecture计算机体系结构的学习内容 Register File Memory (DRAM Disk) IF (instr. fetch) ID (instr. decode) EX (execute) MEM (memory) WB (writeback) BranchPredictor Instr.Cache DataCache 4 3 2 1 cachemiss Problem: Stalled Instructions LD M[100], R1 ADD R1, R1, R2 MUL R3, R4, R5 Contents in Computer Architecture计算机体系结构的学习内容 Register File Memory (DRAM Disk) IF (instr. fetch) ID (instr. decode) EX (execute) MEM (memory) WB (writeback) BranchPredictor Instr.Cache DataCache cachemiss DynamicScheduler 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Invention #5 Out-of-Order Execution BRANCHPREDICTION OOOEXECUTION SUPPORT R.F. BYPASSES R.F. BYPASSES L1Instr.Cache L1DataCache * Contents in Computer Arc