WorldWarI1914-1918-CenterJointUnifiedSchoolDistrict.ppt

World War I 1914-1918 Causes of the war Technology of the war Military techniques / Battles War at Home “Total War” US / Russia and the end of the war Traditional European Rules of War 1. A country must declare war before attacking another country. 2. Each side must wear uniforms or identify themselves to each other before attacking. Soldiers wearing an enemy uniform will be shot as a spy. Traditional European Rules of War 3. Commanding officers should not be targeted 4. Civilians, Surrendering Soldiers and Medical Personnel will not be attacked. Traditional European Rules of War 5. Hand to Hand combat is honorable, shooting from a distance is cowardly 6. Soldiers must be given the opportunity to surrender honorably. Long Term Causes Nationalism- Deep Devotion to One’s Nation Competition and Rivalry developed between European nations for territory and markets (Example France and Germany- Alsace-Lorraine) Long Term Causes Militarism- Glorifying Military Power Keeping a large standing army prepared for war Arms race for military technology Long Term Causes Imperialism- European competition for colonies Quest for colonies often almost led to war Imperialism led to rivalry and mistrust amongst European nations Long Term Causes Alliance System- Designed to keep peace in Europe, instead pushed continent towards war Many Alliances made in secret By 1907 two major alliances: Triple Alliance and Triple Entente The Two Sides Triple Alliance Germany Austria-Hungary Italy Central Powers Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Triple Entente England France Russia Allied Powers England, France, Russia, United States, Italy, Serbia, Belgium, Switzerland Leaders Triple Alliance Kaiser Wilhelm II (Germany) Franz Joseph I (Austria-Hungary) Vittorio Orlando (Italy) Triple Entente David Lloyd George (England) Raymond Poincare (France) Czar Nicholas II (Russia) Major Colonies Triple Entente France- Vietnam, Parts of Africa England- Africa, Australia, Hong Kong, India, Can