我国环境侵权构成要件和制度完善谈论.doc

我国环境侵权的构成要件及制度完善 摘 要 近几年来，环境污染事故频频见报，先是美国墨西哥湾原油泄漏事件引起了国际社会的高度关注。再是是中国最大的金矿企业紫金矿业紫金山铜矿湿法厂发生铜酸水渗漏事故。环境污染事故频发已引起全社会的关注，随之而来的就是因环境污染事故而受损的民众应如何去维护自己的合法权益，本文根据现行的法律分析受害者可以解决争议获得赔偿的多元纠纷解决机制解决纠纷机制。此外，本文依据我国现行的法律制度对环境侵权的民事责任进行分析和解读。并从构建环境公益诉讼制度的视角，分析如何完善环境侵权的民事救济制度。 Pick to in recent years, environmental pollution accident, was frequently in the first U.S. gulf of Mexico oil spill has caused high attention of the international community. Is Chinas largest gold miners again zijin mountain copper mine wet factory copper acid water leakage accident. Frequent environmental pollution accident has aroused the concern of the society as a whole, and because of environmental pollution accident and damaged people should be how to maintain their own legitimate rights and interests, according to the legal analysis of current victim can get compensation dispute resolution mechanism of pluralistic dispute settlement mechanism to solve disputes. In addition, according to Chinese current legal system of civil liability of environment infringement analysis, and interpretation. And from the Angle of the construction of environmental public interest litigation system, and analysis how to improve the environmental tort civil relief system. 　　关键词 环境权 环境公益诉讼 环境侵权 Keywords environment right environmental public interest litigation environment infringement 　　作者简介：高杨，重庆大学法学院，2010级硕士研究生，研究方向：环境与资源保护法。 Author introduction: Gao Yang, chongqing university law school, class of 2010 graduate, research direction: environmental and resources protection law. 　　一、环境侵权的概念 First, the concept of environmental tort 　　环境侵权民事责任是指“企业事业单位或者个人由于污染环境、生态破坏或者其他环境方面的民事侵权行为侵害了不特定多数人的人身财产利益，依法应当承担的民事法律后果”。侵权，是民法当中的一个概念，对于环境侵权的研究始于民法中的侵权法。所以本质上环境侵权是传统民法理论发展。其表现为三种形式：一是因环境污染而侵犯他人财产权、人身权等其他权益而应当负有的法律责任；二是因生态破坏侵犯他人财产权应负的民事责任；三是因其他侵犯他人环境权益的行为所应负担的民事责任。民法调整的是平等主体之间的人生和财产关系，虽然环境法保护的法益是公众的环境利益，但是环境侵权所侵害的是公民的人生和财产权益。由此可见，环境侵权更类似与民法范畴的延伸。 Environmental tort civil liability refers to the enterprises, institutions or individuals due t