Confucius (Kung Fu-Tzu)(551-479 BCE).ppt

Confucius (Kung Fu-Tzu)*(551-479 BCE) Confucianism The History of Chinese Philosophy The Classical Age (6th century BCE-2nd century CE) Confucianism (Confucius, 551-479 BCE) Taoism (Lao Tzu, 6th century BCE) Mohism (Mo Tzu, 468-376 BCE) The Yin-Yang School (founder unknown) The School of Names (Logic) (Hui Shih, c. 380-305 BCE) Legalism (Han Fei Tzu, d. 23 BCE) The Medieval Age (2nd-10th centuries CE): relations conflicts between Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism The Modern Age (11th century -Present) Neo-Confucianism (incorporation of Taoist Buddhist elements in an overall Confucian perspective) (Chu Hsi, 1130-1200 CE many others) 20th century impact of Western philosophies such as Pragmatism Marxism Confucius claimed to derive his teachings from “the Ancients,” whose wisdom is embodied in “The Five Classics” (Wu Jing) The I Jing (“Book of Changes”) The Shu Jing (“Book of History”) The Shih Jing (“Book of Odes” [poetry]) The Li Ji (“Book of Rites”) The Ch’un-ch’iu (“Spring Autumn Annals”) The further expression of Confucian philosophy Analects (Lun-Yu) The Doctrine of the Mean (Zhongyong) The Great Learning (Ta-hsueh) The Book of Meng-Tzu Chronology of Chinese History c. 6000 BCE: Prehistory (belief in life after death; bone divination) - legendary Hsia Dynasty (c. 1994-1500 BC) c. 1500-1040 BCE: Shang Dynasty (polytheism; spiritism; ancestor veneration; bone shell divination) 1040-256 BCE: Zhou (Chou) Dynasty (feudal era classical age; rise of Shang-Ti “Mandate of Heaven;” ancestor veneration divination practices; continued belief in spiritism; interest in life-prolongation immortality; 8th-5th centuries BC - period of disorder; emergence of classical Chinese philosophies: Confucianism, Taoism, Mohism, Legalism, etc.) - Era of Warring States (475-221 BC) 221-207 BCE: Qin (Ch’in) Dynasty (“The Burning of the Books” in 213 BC) - Legalism enthroned; Confucianism attacked Chronology, continued 206 BCE-25 CE: Former Han Dynasty (beginnings of official