GreekandRomanCulture.ppt

Greco-roman element  Greek Culture (7th century B.C. -146BC ） (freedom and wisdom) Roman Culture (146BC -476) (Roman law and Christianity) European culture Greco-roman element Free Love and Pleasure Judeo-Christian element Moralities Greek Culture  （Peak：5th century B.C.) Politics Philosophy Epics and Greek Mythology Tragedies； Qin xianglian and Medea Greek Mythology and Chinese Mythology Science Sculpture Architecture Presocratic philosophy? (7th century B.C-Socrates)  The Presocratic philosophers asked questions about the essence of things” From where does everything come? From what is everything created? The Presocratic philosophers Later philosophers politics citizen-assembly(平民大会）; hostility to servility奴性 Hostility to monarchy君主制 Homer’s epics (叙事诗) Iliad 伊里亚特 Greek Gods’ involvement in the war Themes Odyssey 奥德赛 　Odysseus and Penelope Iliad Greek Gods The Gods, like human beings, fight, plot, and feel jealousy all the same. They pursue free love and pleasure, not caring about any moral rule. Golden Apple Golden apple Zeus held a banquet in celebration of the marriage of Peleus (Achilles’ father) and Thetis. Left off the guest list was Eris (goddess of discord), and upon turning up uninvited, she threw a golden apple into the ceremony, with an inscription that read: for the fairest one. Achilles’ heel Themes of the Illiad 1. The Glory of War (aggression) To fight is to prove one’s honor and integrity, while to avoid warfare is to demonstrate laziness, ignoble fear. 2. Military Glory over Family Life the “glory” or “renown” by performing great deeds. 3. ephemeral nature of human beings and their world even the greatest of men cannot escape death Dramatists in Ancient Greece三大悲剧大师 ① Aeschylus 　《Prometheus Bound》 ② Sophocles 《 Oedipus the King》—→Freud’s “the Oedipus complex” (恋母情结); ③ Euripides 　《Medea》 science math and physic