船舶工程专业英语.doc

船舶工程专业英语Fundamentals and New Concepts for Shipbuilding Engineering )ign solution or whatever other controlling parameters are considered determinant. The selected concept design(概念设计) then is used as a talking paper(讨论文件) for obtaining approximate construction costs, which often determine whether or not to initiate the next level of development, the Preliminary design(初步设计). b. Preliminary design (初步设计)A ship s preliminary design(初步设计) further refines the major ship(大型船舶) characteristics affecting cost and performance. Certain controlling factors such as length, beam(船宽，帆c. Contract design (合同设计)The contract design(合同设计) stage yields a set of plans and specifications which form an integral part of the shipbuilding contract document. It encompasses one or more loops around the design spiral(设计螺旋循环方式), thereby further refining the preliminary design(初步设计). This stage delineates more precisely such features as hull form(船形，船体外形) based on a faired set of lines(经过光顺处理的一套型线), powering based on model testing, sea keeping and maneuvering characteristics, the effect of number of propellers on hull form(船形，船体外形), structural details, use of different types of steel, spacing and type of frame(船肋骨，框架)s. Paramount, among the contract design(合同设计) features, is a weight and center of gravity estimate taking into account the location and weight of each major item in the ship. The final general arrangement is also developed during this stage. This fixes the overall volumes and areas of cargo, machinery, stores, fuel oil, fresh water(淡水), living and utility spaces(居住与公用舱室) and their interrelationship, as well as their relationship to other features such as cargo handling(货物装卸) equipment, and machinery components.The accompanying specifications delineate quality standards of hull and outfit(舾装) and the anticipated performance for each item of machinery and equipment. They describe the tests and trials (实船试验)that shall be performed successfully in order that the vessel will be