c h a p t e r11— t h e m e s o z o i c e r a(c h a p t e r11 - t h e m e s o z o i c e r a).doc
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Chapter 15—Cenozoic Events
CHAPTER OVERVIEW
The Cenozoic Era is divided by most geologists into two periods: the Paleogene and the Neogene. This “newer” approach represents a move to an equal division of the epochs and also a more natural way of dividing Cenozoic rocks in Europe. The Cenozoic, although covering only the last 66 million years, represents major worldwide changes. One such change occurred when the North Atlantic rift extended to the north, separating Greenland from Scandinavia and thereby destroying the land connection between Europe and North America. During the late Eocene epoch, Australia separated from Antarctica and then began its journey to its present location. This is considered the only major continental breakup during the Cenozoic; however, it appears to have affected climates around the world.
The stratigraphy of the Cenozoic of North America is explored with some of the more noteworthy exposures: the Gulf Coast, Rocky Mountains, High Plains, Basin and Range, Colorado Plateau, Columbia Plateau and Cascades, Sierra Nevada, and California are discussed. The sedimentation and deformation of the Cenozoic outside North America is also discussed in order to complete this phase of Cenozoic history. Pleistocene Glaciation is a focal point in this chapter which highlights the Glacial and Interglacial stages in North America and Europe as well as discussing variations in climatic conditions.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
By reading and completing information within this chapter, you should gain an understanding of the following concepts:
Sketch and label the Paleogene and Neogene Periods and the epochs within each.
Discuss the tectonic-climate connection.
Locate on a map the major mountain systems that were formed by the northward moving African block as it collided with the underside of Europe.
Explain the origin of the following physiographic features of North America: Rocky Mountains/High Plains, Basin and Range, Colorado Plateau, Colum
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