earthscience-valleycentralschooldistrictoverview（10页）.doc

McMahon: Earth Science learning objectives 2014 I. Spherical Earth 1. Know earth’s shape, relative size and motion a. Obtain information p. 15 ESRT b. oblate spheroid c. earth is tilted 23.5 d to sun’s rays. d. sun’s rays are parallel to each other and can only hit one point on surface at 90 d angle at a time. 2. Obtain information on surface characteristics p. 1 ESRT II. Mapping the Earth: Coordinates Identify the grid system we use for locating positions. Draw latitude and longitude lines Find locations and write coordinates for a globe Break degrees into minutes and seconds Write coordinates correctly using p. 3 ESRT Know that NYS is western hemisphere and numbers increase to the left. Know parameters of latitude Equator, tropics, parallels, arctic and Antarctic Polaris and latitude Climate changes with latitude P. 4 ESRT identifies tropics, equator, circles Poles are points of axis of rotation Know parameters of longitude Arbitrary lines Prime Meridian, meridians, International Date Line 24 hour rotation broken into time zones Earth rotates west to east at 15 0/hr Point west are earlier; points east are later III. Mapping the Earth: Contour Lines Isolines, contour lines, contour, contour interval, map scale, map key Recognize data on a field map and identify the field values Use data to draw isolines: know and apply rules of drawing isolines Draw small ‘x’ between values to determine location of points Interpret landscape from isolines Identify stream location and direction: interpret ‘v’s in contour lines; change in elevation; and ocean (if present in picture). Determine steep and gentle slopes Estimate value of highest and lowest points and points between lines. Interpret hatchure marks Determine contour interval from diagram. Use map scale correctly calculate gradient draw profiles IV. Interior Earth Read and interpret p. 10 ESRT: “inferred properties of earth’s interior” understand the significance of ‘inferred’ and know humans have