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外文文献翻译译稿1 可用性和期望值 来自Willliam S.Green, Patrick W.Jordan.产品：超越可用性According to file Human Factors Ergonomics Society (HFES), the discipline of human factors focuses on the “discovery and exchange of knowledge concerning the characteristics of human beings that are applicable to the design of systems and devices of all kinds.” What is often thought of as a focused approach in biomechanics and anthropometrics is actually a much broader understanding of who and what a person is. As you will learn in this section, there are many other members of the product development team, beyond human factors specialists, who are interested in the characteristics of human beings and their relationship to systems and devices. The HFES evolved from the systems analysis conducted by the military during WWII. The three main types of research were anthropometrics，interpreting and managing complex information, and systems analysis in the deployment of troops and equipment. The systems analysis varied in scale and complexity, ranging from the large-scale systems planning used in preparing the invasion of Normandy to the understanding of how to best place and equip personnel from an aptitude and size point of view. The D-Day invasion is one of the most complex events of the 20th century. It required a scale of logistical organization of men and material that was unknown prior to the beginning of the war. At a smaller scale, the range of equipment and military assignments meant understanding how to organize, train, and assign military personnel to make the most of their aptitude and body type. Soldiers had to be trained quickly and effectively to use and maintain the vast array of war technology developed during WWII. There were size limitations for pilots, submariners，and tank drivers. The development of complex new equipment required finding the best personnel with the right training for navigators, cryptographers, code breakers, radar and sonar operators, and bomber pilots and crew. Aft