年处理5万吨粗铜火法精炼工艺及反射炉设计改38mm..doc

年处理5万吨粗铜火法精炼工艺及反射炉设计 所属院系：材料科学与工程 专业：冶金工程 学 生： 指导教师：李明照 教授 铜是人类最早发现的古老金属之一，早在三千多年前就开始冶炼并使用，历史上曾创造灿烂的青铜文化。在史前时代，人们开始采掘露天铜矿，并用获取的铜制造武器、工具和其它器皿，铜的使用对早期人类文明的进步影响深远。铜具有许多优良的性能，不但为人类社会进步作出了不可磨灭的贡献，且随着人类文明的发展不断开发出新的用途。铜既是一个古老的金属，又是一个充满生机和活力的现代工程材料。铜以品种繁多的金属、合金和化合物形式被人们利用，已深深地渗入了生产和生活的各个方面，成为人类21世纪飞速发展不可缺少的重要金属。其内容与计算关键词 铜；火法ABSTRACT Copper is one of the earliest metals human has found,.three thousands years ago, people began to smelt and use copper, and created the great Bronze culture. In ancient times, people started to open-pit mining from copper ore, acquired copper been made into weapon,tools,and other containers. The using of copper make a huge influence to the human civilization. Copper has many excellent properties, this metal make an indelible contribution to the advance of human society, and also been exploited new use along with the development of human civilization. Copper is an ancient metal, but is also a modern engineering material that full of vigor and vitality. Copper has been widely used as different forms like metal, alloy, compounds, and so on, and become the indispensable, rapid developing metal in 21 century. This paper summarizes the various methods of thermal copper smelting matte, matte blowing, blister copper refining, fire refined copper, electrolytic refining and the hydrometallurgical way of copper metallurgy. In this paper, we analyzed both Pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods in our country, and compared those two ways in different aspect ,summarized both advantages and disadvantages. All this processes provides a reasonable theoretical basis for copper smelting industry. Blister copper refining is one of main process of copper metallurgy, the quality of former refining process can directly affect the electrolytic refining later. This paper mainly introduced the design of a copper reverberatory furnace that receive and smelt 50,000 tons of blister copper, including the choosing furnace ty