代词和限定词2教程.ppt

第一章形容词 形容词是用来描写名词或代词的, 表示人或事物的性质或特征; 在句中作定语, 表语和补语. 第一节形容词的位置 [规则一] 形容词作定语通常放在名词前面. 当我们用几个形容词来修饰一个名词时, 形容词的排列顺序为: 限定词(如: the/ my/ one ), 描绘性形容词(如: pretty/ beautiful) , 表示大小, 长短, 高低, 形状的形容词(如: small/big/ long等), 表示年龄, 新旧的形容词(如: old/new等), 表示色彩的形容词(如: red/black等), 表示国籍, 地区, 出处的形容词(如: American), 表示物质, 材料的形容词(如: stone/silk等), 表示用途, 类别的形容词(如: farm/ cathedral) + 名词. 例如: a beautiful small red American carpet 例题 1. In Qingdao, you will find a beautiful scenic spot called ______. A. Old Stone Man B. Stone Old Man C. Man Stone Old D. Man Old Stone 2. My father’s only two expensive little ______ socks were kept by my elder brother. A. Chinese green antique silk B. Chinese antique green silk C. antique Chinese green silk D. green antique Chinese silk [规则二] 有些形容词只放在名词前作前置定语. 这类形容词一般是物质形容词以及名词加词缀en 构成的形容词, 如 wooden, leaden, golden 等. 另外, elder, inner, other, upper, lower, latter, former, daily, weekly, monthly 以及词尾是–most 的形容词, 如foremost, 也有类似用法.例如: This is a wooden house. This is a weekly journal. Yellowstone National Park is one of the foremost tourist attractions. [规则三] 形容词在下列情况中放在名词后作后置定语: 修饰不定代词something, somebody, anything, nothing, everybody 等时, 形容词后置. 例如: Is there anything wrong with your car? 一些以前缀A- 开头的形容词, 如 alive , alone, asleep 等, 另外available, suitable, possible, acceptable 等需作后置定语. 例如: a man afraid of death , the reading material available for the freshmen 形容词短语后置. 例如: He is the man responsible for the project. [规则四] 表语形容词 多数形容词既可作表语, 又可作定语, 如: a beautiful girl(定语) , The girl is beautiful.(表语).而有些形容词在多数情况下作表语, 常见的有 Afraid, alive, alike, alert, aware, ashamed, unable, glad, sorry, content 等.例如: The boy was asleep. Keep alert to the tiger though it is caged. [规则五] 有些形容词作表语和定语的意思往往不同. 如 faint, late, indifferent, particular 等. 例如: She has a particular taste for music. She is very particular about food. He felt faint due to lack of food. The candle shed a faint light in the room. 第二节 形容词的比较级和最高级 [规则一] 形容词的比较级一般用来表示 “比-