中考英语定语从讲解及练习.doc

中考英语定语从句讲解及练习 在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whose, whom, which, that 。 引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where, why。 关系代词在定语从句中做主语，宾语，定语。关系副词在定语从句中做状语。 一、who引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语)，修饰表示人的先行词。 This is the man who helped me. The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother. 二、whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,修饰表示人的先行词，口语中可以省略。 The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room. The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li. =The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. (介词后 whom不能省略) The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy. (固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开，仍放在动词之后。look for / look after /take care of / put on / take off…) 三、whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语，修饰表示人或物的先行词。 Do you know the woman whose name is Mary. Pass me the dictionary whose cover is black. He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 四、that引导的定语从句，that在从句中做主语或宾语、修饰表示人或物的先行词。作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语. (that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which) The letter (that//which) I received was from my father. I can’t find the letter that//which came this morning. Do you still remember the days (that//which)we spent together ? This is the man that//who helped me. The house (that//which) we live in is not large. =The house in which we live is not large. The doctor (that//whom //who)you are looking for is in the room. 五、which引导的定语从句，which在从句中做主语，也可做宾语，或介词的宾语，修饰表示物的先行词。 This is the book (which/that ) you want. The building which//that stands near the river is our school. The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.(介词后面的which不能省略) The house (which/that) we live in is not large. This is the watch (which/that ) he was looking for. 六、只能用that的情况小结： 1. 在there + be 的句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。 There are two novels that I want to read.　 我要读的有两本小说。 There is no work that can be done now. 没有什么工作现在能做的了。 2. 当先行词为主句的表语 This is the book that was bought yesterday.这就是昨天买的书。 Our school is no longer the school that it used to be.我们的学校不再是以前的学校了。 3. 以Here is (are)开头的句子时。 Here is a film that will move anyone.