(word)英国社会阶层分类.docVIP

英国社会阶层的演变?（一）英国的社会阶层随着时代的变化而演变。和其他的国家（比如美国）不同的是，英国的阶层除了钱以外，还和口音、所用词汇，礼仪，服饰类型，以及品味有关。一般用级别符号代表相应的阶层，比如20世纪的时候，A\B\C1\C2\D\E; 21世The social structure of Britain has clearly changed with the centuries and it is difficult to adequately discuss the topic in a single article. However, there are specific class names, castes, and categories that are helpful to define.? General Social Castes Some basic categories covering most of the population of Britain around the 17th century and arguably well before and after are as follows: British Caste社会地位 Characteristics Cottagers佃农 and labourers劳工 were a step below husbandmen in that they had to work for others for wages. May also include villein农奴佃农 Lowest order of the working castes; perhaps vagabonds流浪者, drifters流浪者, criminals or other outcasts放逐者would be lower. Husbandman 农夫；百姓 tradesman手艺or farmer who either rented a home or held very little land. Some sources suggest the landholdings占有土地of a husbandman were about 30 acres. Yeoman小地主 The yeoman class generally included small farmers who held a reasonable amount of land and were able to protect themselves from neighboring lords庄园et cetera. They played a military role as longbowmen长弓兵（红制服高头盔）帝国时代游戏, et cetera. Gentry贵族们/Gentleman缙绅绅士 The gentry class generally held enough assetsto live on rents without working. If they worked it was in law, as priests神父；教士, in politics, or in various other pursuits. The term Esquire绅士was used for gentry who were not knighted骑士，武士；爵士. Sometimes Merchant citizens are placed between Yeoman and Gentry in early modern social hierarchy。 Knight/Priest/Lawyer The definition of a knight depends upon the century in which the term was applied. In very early medieval times a knight was a common soldier. By the seventeenth century a knight was a member of the gentry, and the military role would be one of sheriff州长of a county, or organizing a larger body of military forces. Baronet/Knight (hereditary knight, non peer) A baronet was not a peer,