轻客驱动桥设计说明书 毕业设计.doc

摘 要 驱动桥位于传动系的末端，其功用是将传动轴或变速器传来的转矩增大并适当减低转速后分配给左、右驱动轮。作为汽车四大总成之一，它的性能的好坏直接影响整车性能,对于轻型客车尤为重要。 本次设计的轻客型号是中顺世纪微型轻客，参照传统设计方法进行设计。首先确定驱动桥的总体方案，再选择其主要部件的结构形式，比如主减速器采用单级主减速器，差速器采用对称式圆锥行星齿轮差速器，半轴选用的是半浮式半轴等。然后对各个部件的主要参数，结构尺寸和强度进行计算，满足设计的要求。本次设计所设计的单级主减速驱动桥，具有结构简单，工作可靠，造价低廉等特点。由此可见，采用传动效率高的单级减速驱动桥是轻型客车驱动桥的一个发展方向。 关键字：轻客；驱动桥；主减速器；差速器Abstract Drive axle is at the end of the transmission system of a vehicle, whose function is to reduce rotation speed, increase the torque from the drive shaft or transmission, and distribute it to the left and right driving wheels. As one of four important assemblies of the vehicles, the performance of the drive axles directly influences on the whole automobile, especially for the light buses. The type of the light bus designed in this work is Zhongshun light passenger micro-century. Following the traditional design methods, we first determine the overall scheme of the drive axle, and then choose the structure of its main parts, such as the single-level main gearbox, the symmetry, circular cone, planetary gears differential, the semi-floating supporting haft shaft, etc. After that, the calculations of the various component’s main parameters, structure dimensions and stress are carried out to satisfy the design requirements. The designed drive axle which uses the single-level reduction gearbox , has the simple structure, dependable work, construction cost inexpensive and other characteristics. Thus it can be seen,we found that using the single-level reduction gearbox, which has high transmission efficiency, has become development direction of the light bus. 　 Key words: light bus; drive axle; main reduction gearbox; differential 目 录 第1章 绪 论 1 第2章 驱动桥总体方案论证 2 第3章 主减速器设计 4 3.1 主减速器简介 4 3.2 主减速器结构方案分析 4 3.2.1主减速器的齿轮类型 4 3.2.2主减速器的减速形式 5 3.2.3主减速器的主动锥齿轮的支承形式 5 3.3 主减速器的基本参数选择与设计计算 6 3.3.1主减速比的确定 6 3.3.2主减速器齿轮计算载荷的确定 6 3.3.3主减速器齿轮基本参数选择 8 3.3.4主减速器双曲面锥齿轮设计计算及强度校核 10 3.4主减速器齿轮的材料及热处理 14 3.5主减速器的润滑 14 第4章 差速器设计 16 4.1 差速器简介 16 4.2差速器的机构形式的选择 16 4