高考语法讲座冠词分析报告.ppt

冠词 一.冠词 1. 不定冠词的用法 (1) 表示初次提到的人或物。 如: A boy is waiting for you. A thief was caught by a policeman just now. (2) 表示一类人或物 如： A horse is an animal. A knife can be used for cutting. (3) 用于某些不可数名词前，表示某种具体的情况或事物。 如：He has a wide knowledge of history. I want an ice-cream. (一份冰淇淋） (4) 用于姓氏前表示不认识的“一个姓…..的人/叫……的人”、“某家庭的成员”、 “像…… 一样的人”或是“某人的作品”。 如: A Mr. Wang (Gang) called you. His daughter married a Smith. He is a Lu Xun. (5) 用于某些固定词组或短语中。 如： all of a sudden, in a word, in a hurry, a great deal of, at a discount, many a, at a loss, in a sense, at a distance, keep a diary, once in a while 2. 定冠词的用法 (1) 表示上文提到过的人或事物。 如: I saw a boy yesterday. The boy is very tall. (2) 特指双方都明白的人或物。 如: Open the door, please. Give me the book. (3) 指世上独一无二的事物前或由普通名词组成的专有名词前。 如：The sun is bigger than the earth. The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. The United States and the United Kingdom are developed countries. 注意：当前面有形容词修饰时，sun, moon, earth等前也可用a/an. 如：a pale moon, a red sun (4) 与单数可数名词连用，表示一类人或物。 如: The horse is a useful animal. (7) 用于乐器前。 如: He plays the piano very well. (8)用于姓氏复数前，表示一家人或夫妇。用于某些形容词前，表示一类人。 如：The Smiths are watching TV. The old are taken good care of. (9) 用于江、河、湖、海、群岛、山脉前。 如：the Yangtze River, the Pacific Ocean, the Taihang Mountains 注意：独山的表达方式通常用Mount +名字 如：Mount Tai, Mount Lao (10) 用于by后表示计量单位。 如： The waiters are paid by the hour/day. These eggs are sold by the dozen/kilo. (11) 代替物主代词，用于表示身体部位的名词前。 如：He caught the man by the arm. Tom hit the thief in the face. (12) 用于某些固定词组或短语中。 如：break the ice, in the rain, on the spot, on the contrary, on the increase 3. 不用冠词（零冠词）的情况 (1)在专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词前一般不用冠词。 如：Failure is the mother of success. We can not live without air. (2) 名词前已有作定语的指示代词、物主代词、不定代词时不用冠词。 如： Pass me that book. The letter is in her bag. Come to see me any day this week. (3) 复数名词指一类人或事物不用冠词。 如：Horses are