《History of Optimal Power Flow and Formulations - Paper 1》.pdf

History of Optimal Power Flow and Formulations • December 2012 Page 1 History of Optimal Power Flow and Formulations • December 2012 History of Optimal Power Flow and Formulations Optimal Power Flow Paper 1 Mary B. Cain, Richard P. O’Neill, Anya Castillo mary.cain@; richard.oneill@; anya.castillo@ December, 2012 Abstract : The purpose of this paper is to present a literature review of the AC Optimal Power Flow (ACOPF) problem and propose areas where the ACOPF could be improved. The ACOPF is at the heart of Independent System Operator (ISO) power markets, and is solved in some form every year for system planning, every day for day‐ahead markets, every hour, and even every 5 minutes. It was first formulated in 1962, and formulations have changed little over the years. With advances in computing power and solution algorithms, we can model more of the constraints and remove unnecessary limits and approximations that were previously required to find a solution in reasonable time. One example is nonlinear voltage magnitude constraints that are modeled as linear thermal proxy constraints. In this paper, we refer to the full ACOPF as an ACOPF that simultaneously optimizes real and reactive power. Today, 50 years after the problem was formulated, we still do not have a fast, robust solution technique for the full ACOPF. Finding a good solution technique for the full ACOPF could potentially save tens of billions of dollars annually. Based on our literature review, we find that the ACOPF research co