International_Group_Agreement（国际保赔协会的协议章程）.pdf

INTERNATIONAL GROUP AGREEMENT 2008 AN AMENDED AGREEMENT dated 20 February 2008 BETWEEN the several parties whose names and addresses are set out in Schedule 1. WHEREAS: (1) The parties to this Agreement are mutual, non-profit-making insurance associations of shipowners engaged in the insurance of marine risks, commonly described as protection and indemnity risks. (2) Since in a mutual, non-profit-making insurance association any under-contribution by one insured must be made good by over-contribution by the other insured, it is desirable to ensure that the members of each association contribute equitably to its expenses and losses. (3) Owing to the long tail nature of protection and indemnity risks a fair assessment of each members contribution can best be made over a period of years, and an association in which a member has been entered for some years is in the best position to estimate fairly the risk that he represents. (4) It is, therefore, to the benefit of members generally that the membership should remain relatively stable and that the premium rates applied to a member who changes from one association to another should be based on full access to the members record; but it is also in the interests of each individual member that he should not be unduly restricted from moving from one association to another. (5) The associations recognise that a balance has to be struck between continuity and freedom of movement and that subject to the overriding principle that all rates must be reasonable, it is appropriate in seeking to achieve this balance to differentiate between on the one hand cases in which a member is prepared to undertake a binding commitment to move