毕业设计（论文）-电机软启动的原理及仿真分析.doc

交流电机软启动的技术原理与仿真 摘 要 本文首先阐述了交流电机的直接启动，论述了直接启动的危害如电网冲击，机械冲击，对生产机械的冲击等，叙述了交流电机直接启动的限制条件；并且将交流电机的直接启动和软启动进行比较，得出了软启动对电网冲击小，转矩冲击小且减少了对机器本身的损坏等优点。 其次详细论述了几种主要的交流电机降压启动原理。在这基础上详述了软启动的启动原理，给出了限流软启动、电压斜坡启动、转矩控制启动、转矩加突跳控制启动、电压控制启动等几种启动方法和曲线图。然后分别对每种启动方式的优缺点进行了说明，得出了比较好的启动方式是电压控制启动、转矩控制启动和转矩加突跳控制启动，并且对变频调速做了浅谈使之与软启动进行比较得出了软启动的优缺点。 再次借助Matlab/Simulink工具箱和电气系统模块库(Power System Blockset)对交流电机的软启动过程进行仿真研究，建立了三相交流电压环节模块、同步环节模块、脉冲发生模块、三相交流调压模块、电机及测量模块、电流反馈、启动控制和电机切换等环节封装模块，构建了完整的仿真系统模型，并分析了每个模块的建立过程，参数设定及基本功能，给出了仿真结果，并对结果进行了分析和验证。 最后归纳总结目前软启动技术的特性，指出目前软启动产品开发应考虑的因素以及软启动的发展，软启动的节能。 关键字：交流电机，软启动，仿真，matlab，节能 Simulating and Analysis about Soft-starting Theory of Induction Motor ABSTRACT This article first elaborated the alternating current machine line start, elaborated the line start harm like electrical network impact, the machinery impact, to produces the machinery to have the impact and so on, narrated the alternating current machine line start limiting condition; And the alternating current machine line start and the soft start will carry on the comparison, obtained the soft start to the electrical network impact, the torque has attacked small also reduced to machine itself merit and so on damage. Next in detail elaborated several kind of main alternating current machine voltage dropping resistor start principle, has related in detail the soft start start principle in this foundation, gave has limited flows the soft start, the voltage pitch starts, the torque control started, torque Canada kicked the control to start, voltage control start and so on several start methods and diagram of curves, Has separately carried on the explanation to each kind of start way good and bad points, has obtained the quite good start way is the voltage control starts, the torque control start and torque Canada kicks the control start. Draws support from the Matlab/Simulink toolbox and the electrical system module storehouse once more (Power System Blockset) conducts the simulation research to th