毕业设计（论文）-乘用车转向柱径向弹性试验装置的设计.doc

摘 要 随着汽车技术的迅猛发展，汽车的安全性越来越重要。转向柱作为汽车转向机构的重要组成部分，既要有吸能防伤装置来保护驾驶员，减低转向机构对驾驶员的伤害，又要稳妥的固定并支撑转向盘。因此许多国家都制定了相应的标准和法规。生产厂商也根据国家的标准法规制定了针对自己产品的各种标准和法规。 本文主要论述了乘用车转向柱径向弹性实验台架设计的理念，依据上海大众转向柱总成强度和功能要求，合理设计安装在试验车内部的试验台架。将原有台架改进，使其结构简洁、安装操作方便，且能够根据转向盘的不同位置调节台架，以便对不同位置的转向盘进行径向弹性试验；利用改进后的加载装置进行径向加载，减少安装误差带来的测量偏差；运用千分表以及激光位移传感器代替原来的拉线式传感器，提高测量转向柱径向位移的精确性，并最后记录试验数据，绘制出载荷与位移关系图。 设计中运用AUTOCAD进行工程图的绘制。 关键词：转向柱，安全性能，径向弹力，试验台架，精确测量 The design of the automobile steering column Radial elasticity test gantry Abstract With the rapid development of automobile technology, the safe of cars is more and more important. As the important part of steering control mechanism, steering column not only protect drivers against steering control mechanism by the design of guard drivers and absorbing engery,but also firm support and fix steering wheel.So many countries constituted a lot of relevant rules of law and standard which control the manufacture of cars.According to countries’law and standard,many auto factories have also their own test standards an laws. The task to the paper is to design the automobile steering column Radial elasticity, according to the test standard, SVW TL 82225: 2002-10, which of the steering wheel.The design is in testing auto and must be layed reasonably.The improved design have a simple structure and is setted conveniently.It can be adjusted with the steering wheel in different place.The improve about the set of loading force can increase the accuracy of measure. The micrometer and the laser sensor can exactly measure the data of displacement. In the process of the design, paint engineering drawing by software AutoCad . Key words: steering column, safety, radial elasticity, test gantry, accuracy 乘用车转向柱径向弹力试验装置的设计 胡颖灏 061103253 0 引言 汽车作为现代化交通工具，在给人们的生活带来便利与乐趣的同时，也因其引起的交通事故给人类的生命和财产带来极大的威胁和伤害。因此，汽车的安全性是汽车厂商、消费者及政府部门高度关注的问题。 汽车的安全性可划分为主动安全性和被动安全性。主动安全性是指汽车能够识别潜在的危险自动减速，或当突发的因素出现时，能够在驾驶员的操纵下避免发生交通事故的性能；被动安全性是指汽车发生不可避免的交通事故后，能够对车内乘员或行人进行保护，以免发生伤害或使伤害降低到最小程度。交通事故原因的统计分析表明，以预防