毒品管制政策之执行与评估.docVIP

台湾毒品管制政策之执行与评估( 世新大学 行政管理学系　林龙茗 摘要 　本篇文章主要所探讨的问题包括对于毒品的滥用，及台湾对于毒品政策所执行之面向所面临到的一些整合沟通问题，使得执法人员面临无力感而有失其政策执行效力，所以本篇文章将针对于执行裁量权为面向，进而作分析，而毒品经人们滥用之后所带来的社会问题可说是层出不穷，包括犯罪率的提高，失业率增加等，所以本篇文章将针对毒品政策作一个全面性的检视，确保在台湾执行时的效率，及合法性程度，因此也将应用政策执行学者郭谨(Goggin)的第三代执行整合途径作为分析重点，对于政策执行面作定位分析，及探讨其可能的因果关系，整合由上而下(Top-down approach)及由下而上(Bottom-up approach)之政策执行。对于近年来台湾警力取缔毒品犯罪率及相关统计资料，作为政策指针，以评估台湾毒品政策的成效。 关键词:毒品滥用、政策执行、由上而下模型、由下而上模型、第三代整合模型 Implementation and Evaluation of Drug Policy in Taiwan Ling, Long-miing Department of Public Policy and Management Shih-Hsin University Abstract The prominent issue focusing on drugs abusing, and drug policy implementation encountered a series of problems in communication and integration. These problems were related to frustration of policy implementation, and as a result, it reflects the failure of implementation. Therefore, the essay emphasized the dimensions of administrators discretion in core, and then analyzed the problems in depth. The policy of drugs abusing has brought a lot of social problems broadly, including high crime rate as well as high unemployment rate. Hence, this study was to seek a comprehensive perspective on the policy in order to improve the effectiveness of the policy implementation and the legitimacy of the policy. From Goggin’s view, the third-generation implementation model was adopted, and the emphasis was placed on clarification of possible causal relationship by integrating top-down approach and bottom-up approach for the implementation of drug abusing. Some data were presented as policy indicators for policy evaluation. Key words: Drugs abusing、 Policy implementation、Top-down model、Bottom-up model、 The third-generation model 前言 　　　　台湾自解严之后，所受的新思潮及自由主义思想可说是冲击着台湾传统道德规范，所接受的新信息可说是五花八门，所以随之而来的社会问题可说是层出不穷，包括道德观的扭曲，而在自由意识高涨的二十一世纪时，毒品、黑枪、帮派已紧随着成为台湾治安的三大毒瘤(施志茂，民国八十八年)，已造成台湾社会问题频传，犯罪率居高不下，而以毒品为例，台湾早期所使用较普遍的毒品是以鸦片为主，接踵而来的是在民国四十年至五十年所流行的大麻，民国六十年的强力胶，之后又出现速赐康、红中、白板，民国七十年代速赐康被严禁使用，红中、白板、青发却大肆其虐，而现在则以安非他命(Amphetamine)、快乐丸(MDMA)为主，所以